WHAT IS NIPA PALM TREE AND BENEFITS?

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Nypa fruticans
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Nipa palms along a tidal river
at Maitum, Sarangani, Philippines

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Plantae

(unranked): Angiosperms

(unranked): Monocots

(unranked): Commelinids

Order: Arecales

Family: Arecaceae

Subfamily: Nypoideae

Genus: Nypa
Steck

Species: N. fruticans
Binomial name

Nypa fruticans
Wurmb
Nypa fruticans, known as the attap palm (Singapore), nipa palm (Philippines), and mangrove palm or buah atap (Indonesia), buah nipah (Malaysia), dừa nước (Vietnam),Ging Pol in Sinhala in Sri Lanka and gol pata (Bangladesh), dani (Burma). It is the onlypalm considered a mangrove in the Mangroves Biome. This species is a monotypic taxon, the only one in the genus Nypa, grows in southern Asia and northern Australia within theIndomalaya ecozone.

Nipa palms grow in soft mud and slow moving tidal and river waters that bring in nutrients. The palm can be found as far inland as the tide can deposit the floating nuts. It is common on coasts and rivers flowing into the Indian and Pacific Oceans, from Bangladesh to thePacific Islands. The plant will survive occasional short term drying of its environment.
Description

The trunk or stem of the Nipa palm is under the mud. Only the leaves project upwards

Nipa palm vinegar (suka in Philippines)
Nypa fruticans, the Nipa palm, has a horizontal trunk that grows beneath the ground and only theleaves and flower stalk grow upwards above the surface. Thus, it is an unusual tree, and the leaves can extend up to 9 m (30 ft) in height. The flowers are a globular inflorescence of female flowers at the tip with catkin-like red or yellow male flowers on the lower branches. The flower yields a woody nut, these arranged in a cluster compressed into a ball up to 25 cm (10 in) across on a single stalk. The ripe nuts separate from the ball and are floated away on the tide, occasionally germinating while still water-borne.
Uses
The long, feathery leaves of the Nipa palm are used by local populations as roof material forthatched houses or dwellings. The leaves are also used in many types of basketry andthatching.


A globular flower cluster on a Nipa palm


A globular fruit cluster of the Nipa palm
The flower cluster (inflorescence) can be tapped before it blooms to yield a sweet, edible sapcollected to produce a local alcoholic beverage called Tuba(TUAK). Tuba is also stored in Tapayan (balloon vases) for several weeks to make 'CUKA NIPAH' in the Malaysia, commonly known as Suka (pure vinegar made from the province of Bulacan). Young shoots are also edible and the flower petals can be infused to make an aromatic tisane. Attap chee (simplified Chinese: 亞答子; pinyin: yà dá zǐ) ("chee" meaning "seed" in several Chinese dialects) is a name for the immature fruits—sweet, translucent, gelatinous balls used as a dessert ingredient in Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore. On the islands of Roti and Savu, Nipah sap is fed to pigs during the dry season. This is said to impart a sweet flavour to the meat. The young leaves are used to wraptobacco for smoking. Large stems are used to train swimming in Burma as it has buoyancy.
Nipah has a very high sugar-rich sap yield(NIRA). Fermented into Etanol/Butanol the palm's large amount of sap may allow for the production of 6,480-15,600 liters (per day) of Ethanol/Butanol per hectare. Sugarcane yields 5,000–8,000 liters per hectare(per year) and an equivalent area planted in corn would produce just 2000 liters(per year)per hectare.
Pre-history
Fossil mangrove palm pollen has been dated to 70 million years ago. Fossilized nuts of Nypadating to the Eocene epoch occur in the sandbeds of Branksome, Dorset, and in London Clay on the Isle of Sheppey, Kent,[1] testifying to much warmer climatic conditions in theBritish Isles at that time.

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